The mitral valve of the heart controls the flow of blood between the left atrium and the left ventricle. In mitral valve disease, either the valve does not close properly, allowing some blood to leak backwards (regurgitation), or the valve does not open properly (stenosis), inhibiting blood flow. The heart then needs to pump harder, which can weaken the heart and cause it to enlarge. Symptoms of valve disease are similar to other heart conditions and may include shortness of breath (dyspnea), chest pain, palpitations, or swelling in the legs.
In mild cases, symptoms may be managed with medication. However, surgery may be needed, including mitral valve repair or replacement. Patients today requiring mitral valve replacement or other heart valve replacement surgery have two options: biologic valves, which include valves taken from animals or from human donors, and mechanical valves, made from metal, plastic or another artificial material. While mitral valve replacement is a major surgery, advances in surgical techniques and technology have greatly reduced pain, complications, and recovery time and improved outcomes.
For patients who need mitral valve replacement, Brigham and Women's Hospital (BWH) offers state-of-the-art care, delivering innovative and comprehensive care for patients with complex cardiovascular diseases.
Learn more about mitral valve replacement surgery at BWH.